Omega 6s and Omega 3s are both fatty acids that are essential, which in terms of nutrition and physiology, means they cannot be made by the body and must be added in their diet.
Omega 6 fatty acids are necessary because they make up much of the body’s cell membranes. However, they also produce hormone-like substances that contribute to itching, inflammation, and pain. Fortunately, Omega 3 fatty acids can also be incorporated into the cell membrane, replacing some of the Omega 6s. After a couple of months of Omega 3 supplements, a good amount of the membranes are infiltrated with Omega 3 fatty acids. As a result, when the hormone-like substances are made at the site of irritation or injury, these fatty acids are used instead of the Omega 6 ones and produce less inflammatory substances. That means less itching and joint pain (as with arthritis).
The two most important Omega 3 fatty acids are EPA and DHA, which can be found in cold water fish oils (liquid or capsule form). Green lipped mussels and whole fishes like sardines or anchovies are also excellent sources of EPA and DHA, along with prescription foods that specifically add marine-based Omega 3s. While humans can get away with consuming alternatives like flaxseed oil, dogs cannot convert those fatty acids to the proper form nearly as well. Thankfully they generally enjoy the fishy taste more than we do.
For pups who need to lose a few, make sure you take the added calories into account- since these are fats, they are high in calories, so adjust other food as needed.
If your dog is dealing with any joint-related pain and you’re wondering if fish oils might be able to help, reach out to Canine PT and Me for some guidance!